Differential Diagnosis
- Dog Diseases
   
Abnormality in Suspected Diseases  Clinical Signs
       
Abortion Toxoplasmosis

Diarrhea, nervous symptoms, shuffling gait, conjunctivitis, muco purulent
nasal discharge in appetence, coughing, pneumonia, peritonitis, abdominal pain, abortion of fetus or birth of dying puppies

 

Genital Streptococcal Infection

Irregular heats, difficult breeding, vaginal discharge, deaths of puppies
soon after parturition, abortions, temperature

Hormone Trouble

Evidence of breeding abnormalities , ovarian troubles and dysfunctions

    Traumatic Injuries Suggestive history
    Canine Brucellosis Abortion , breeding troubles
    Herper Virus Infection

Puppy mortality, vesicular lesions pock-like in vagina, abortion, infertility troubles, sometimes conjunctivitis with running eyes, balanoposthitis in dogs

  Bloody Urine Leptospirosis

May be sudden death, temperature variable, sunken eyes, vomiting, pain over loins, foul breath, red slime on teeth, ulcerated tongue and mouth, jaundice, discharge from nose & eyes, bleeding nose and gums, prostration, trembling, death

   

Calculi (Bladder/urinary Stones)

Dog strains to urinate, urine dribbles if at all, stands stiffly with arched back, marked depression, chills, temperature, trembling, weakness, stupor, uremia, death

    Cystitis

Frequent attempts to urinate, passage of small amounts of urine which may cause pain, sometime temperature, dog off food, depressed, coat rough, bladder sensitive on palpation, hemorrhagic urine, blood clots or pus on urine analysis

    Nephritis

Onset usually insidious but may sudden, intermittent vomiting, thirst, prostration, uremia, convulsions, death, wasting, flinching if pressed over loins, rough coat, anxious eyes, intermitted diarrhea, weakness, drowsiness, urinous smell, ulcers mouth and tongue, eczema

    Injuries Evidence of fractures
    Snake Bites Red urine
  Cough Distemper

Dysphasic temperature, eye and nose discharge, sough, diarrhea, tonsillitis, reddened eyes, off feed vomiting at times, hard pads & hard nose, latter stages, convulsions, tremors, twitching, paralysis

   

Infectious Canine Hepatitis

Temperature raised, dog depressed, conjunctivitis, mouth inflamed, tonsils swollen, sudden death in acute type, abdominal pain and tenderness over liver, vomiting, diarrhea, cough may be present, cloudiness of cornea in one-third of cases, jaundice

   

Tonsillitis, Streptococcal Infections

Fever, coughing, vomiting frothy material, enlarged lymph glands of head & neck, glands may abscess

    Pneumonia

Raised temperature, breathlessness, coughing, mucopurulent discharge from nose and eyes, vomiting

   

Ear, Nose,Throat Infections

Temperature, localized infections, pain & characteristic features

   

Obstruction and Foreign Bodies

A bone, fish bone, wood splinters and so on embedded in the throat

    Bronchitis

Coughing, temperature, respiratory distress, common in old, fat dogs, persistent cough

    Nocardiosis

Systemic form- Variable granulomatous pleurisy, progressive sickness, emaciation, pericarditis, pleurisy, foul smelling pus in pleural cavity
Tumor Form - Large tumorous masses on extremities, sometime anywhere in body

    Coccidiosis

Diarrhea, watery to bloodstained, emaciation, dehydration, occurrence in puppies - 8 to 12 weeks old, profound illness, sometime rapid death, cough, purulent discharge eyes and nose, slight fever, sometime nervous symptoms, coccidia in smears

    Cardiac Cough

Old dogs affected, no temperature, ascites, faulty heart beat

    Vitamin A Deficiency Night blindness, coughing, scouring
    Tuberculosis

Cough, nose and eye discharge, vomiting, wasting, poor appetite, profound illness, death

    Fungal Pneumonia

Coughing, breathlessness, profound illness, emaciation, diarrhea, ascites, vomiting

    Toxoplasmosis

Diarrhea, nervous symptoms, shuffling gait, conjunctivitis, mucopurulent nasal discharge, in appetence coughing, pneumonia, peritonitis, abdominal pain, abortion of fetus or birth of dying puppies

    Histoplasmosis

Scouring, debility, vomiting, coughing, irregular fever, jaundice

    Heart Condition Coughing, abnormal pulse, vascular disturbance
    Pneumocystosis Cough, diarrhea, wasting
    Tracheal worm Rasping, persistent cough
  Jaundice Leptospirosis

May be sudden death, temperature variable, sunken eyes, vomiting, pain over loins, foul breath, red slime on teeth, ulcerated tongue and mouth, jaundice, discharge from nose and eyes, bleeding nose and gums, prostration, trembling, death

    Infectious Canine Hepatitis

Temperature raised, dog depressed, conjunctivitis, mouth inflamed, tonsils swollen, sudden death in acute type, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea

    Phosphorus Poisoning Digestive disorders and wasting, garlic smell
    Chloroform Poisoning Digestive disorders, no temperature, jaundice
    Arsenic Poisoning Jaundice, scouring, wasting, digestive disorders
    Streptococcal Infections High temperature, severe depression, jaundice
    Obstruction of Bile Ducts No temperature, high faecal worm egg count, indigestion and abdominal pain, jaundice
    Hemolytic Infections

High temperature, severe depression, may be associated pneumonia pr enteritis, may be jaundice

    Lead Poisoning

Eye and nose discharge, paralysis, tremors, continuous barking and frothing at the mouth, convulsions, hysteria, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea with bloodstained, listlessness, emaciation, blindness, jaundice

    Toxoplasmosis

Diarrhea, nervous symptoms, shuffling gait, conjunctivitis, mucopurulent nasal discharge, in appetence, coughing, pneumonia, peritonitis, abdominal pain, abortion of fetus or birth of dying puppies, jaundice

    Snake Bite

Haemoglobinuria, depression, local swelling, paralysis

    Liver Neoplasm

Emaciation, vomiting, old dog- lump in anterior abdomen

    Canine Babesiosis

Dog listless, anemic, pale mucous membranes, emaciation, nervous symptoms, jaundice, fever

Histoplasmosis

Scoring, debility, vomiting, coughing, irregular fever, jaundice

    Gallstones

Jaundice, vomiting, weakness, depression, weight loss, sometime temperature, diarrhea, thirst and abdominal pain

  Nervous Symptoms , Convulsions Distemper

Dysphasic temperature (105 - 106 F), eye and nose discharge, cough, diarrhea, tonsillitis, reddened eyes, off feed, vomiting at times, hard pads and hard nose, late stages- convulsions, tremors, twitching, paralysis

    Encephalitis

Convulsions, nervous twitching usually younger dogs, head tilting, systegmies, mania, coma, death

    Neoplasm

Occurrence in older dogs- dog may paralyzed, weak in one limb

Leas Poisoning

Eye and nose discharge, paralysis, tremors, , continuous barking and frothing at the mouth, convulsions, hysteria, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea (bloodstained) listlessness, emaciation, blindness

    Brain Injuries History of accident or injury
    Gammexane Poisoning Nervous twitching, tremors, convulsions
    Strychnine Poisoning Stiffening, convulsive seizures, rigidity, death
   

Organic Phosphorus Poisoning

Scouring, vomiting, tremors, salivation, spasms, jelly like mucoid dysentery, pinpoint pulils, muscle fasciculation

    Milk Fever

Restlessness, rapid respiration tongue hangs out, staggering, convulsions, head thrown back-legs galloping, bitch frantically excited, yelping, crying out, heart racing madly, temperature up to 108 F, increasing weakness, flaccid paralysis, coma, death

    Metaldehyde Poisoning

Nervous symptoms, convulsions, tense abdomen, abdominal pains, diarrhea

    Scottie Cramp

Hopping, somersaulting, resist leading or movement, convulsions

    Fright Disease Running, seeing visions, convulsion seizures
    Teething Troubles

Occurrence in puppies t teething time- nervous lesions and convulsions

    Worm Infestations Scours, nervous symptoms, convulsions
    Vitamin Deficiencies Faulty ration
   

Foreign Bodies in Digestive Tract

X-Ray evidence- evidence on palpation or post-mortem, vomiting

    Vitamin A Deficiency Scouring, nervous symptoms
    Vitamin B1 Deficiency

Faulty diet, emaciation, weakness, constipation, paralysis, convulsions, muscle cramps, vomiting

   

Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) Deficiency

Faulty diet, anemia, digestive disorders, nervous symptoms, skin disease, loss of hair

    Snake Bite (Brown snake) Paralysis, coma, death
Epilepsy

Convulsions - precipitated by watching flashing light, television, screen doors

    Toxoplasmosis

Diarrhea, nervous symptoms, shuffling gait, conjunctivitis, mucopurulent nasal discharge, in appetence, coughing, pneumonia, peritonitis, abdominal pain, abortion of fetus or birth of dying puppies

    Tetanus

Ear are bunched, eyeballs retracted into the sockets - third eyelid protrudes, convulsions and goes rigid, neck and tail are stiff, jaw locked tetanic spasm, death

   

Hypoglycemia (ketosis, Acetonaemia)

Uterine inertia, stiff, jerky gait, spasms, convulsions, vomiting, temperature raised- 106 F or more, heart rate very high

   

Hypoglycemia from Insulin-Secreting Pancreatic Islet Cell Tumor

Low blood sugar
    Ear Mange

Pain, shaking head, scratching, nervous symptoms, even convulsions

    Anal Gland Disorders

Occurrence in old & fat dogs where faeces are soft

    Canine Babesiosis

Listless, anemia, pale mucous membranes, emaciation, nervous symptoms, jaundice, fever

    Nephritis

Intermittent vomiting, thirst, prostration, uremia, convulsions, death, wasting, rough coat, anxious eyes, intermittent diarrhea, weakness, drowsiness, urinous smell, ulcers mouth and tongue, bloody urine in acute cases

    Nicotinic Acid Deficiency

Vomiting, loss of appetite, weakness, nervous twitching, reddening of the mucous membrane of mouth, ulceration and gangrene (black tongue), foul, smelly diarrhea, sloughing of part of tongue & brownish saliva with nauseating sweet smell

   

Pantothenic Acid
Deficiency

Faulty ration, anemia, convulsions
    Trombidiosis

Orange red clusters of mites inside the ears, between the paws and even on the body, intense irritation, sores, nervous symptoms

    Coccidiosis

Diarrhea, watery to bloodstained, emaciation, dehydration, profound illness, sometime rapid death, cough, purulent discharge, eyes and nose, slight fever, sometime nervous lesions

Cryptococcosis

Granulomas on mucous membrane of nose, pharynx. lung or elsewhere, discharges from sinuses and nasal cavity, lameness, blindness

   

Intervertebral Disc Protrusion

Posterior paralysis, sudden, acute pain, loss of power, sometime staggering pain to complete paralysis, hypersensitivity or resentment when touched or palpated, may refuse to move

    Linguatulosis

Tongue shaped, striated, violent spasms of sneezing, emaciation, dehydration, weakness, nervous symptoms, excitement

    Hypoxia

Presence of heart disease or pulmonary disease, causing poor circulation to the brain, and deficiency of oxygen supply

    Hepatic encephalopathy Abnormal even bizarre behavioral patterns
    Toxicosis Various Diarrhea, salivation, vomiting
    Trauma History of blow to head causing unconsciousness
    Myelomalacia

A congenital defect, bunny hopping gait, posterior paralysis, hind leg weakness

    Leptospirosis

Jaundice, wasting, bleeding gums, vomiting, dehydration, coating of teeth and tongue with reddish-brown deposit, convulsions

 

Nose & Eye Discharges

Distemper

Dysphasic temperature (105 - 106 F), eye and nose discharge, cough, diarrhea, tonsillitis, reddened eyes, off feed, vomiting at times, hard pads and hard nose, late stages- convulsions, tremors, twitching, paralysis

    Lead Poisoning

Eye and nose discharge, paralysis, tremors, , continuous barking and frothing at the mouth, convulsions, hysteria, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea (bloodstained) listlessness, emaciation, blindness

    Foreign Body in Eye

Usually affecting one eye only, profuse discharge, severe conjunctivitis, no temperature

    Foreign Body in Nose

Snorting, constant discharge, no temperature, may be obstruction of air passage

    Pneumonia

Raised temperature, breathlessness, coughing, mucopurulent discharge from nose and eyes, vomiting

    Bronchitis

Coughing, temperature, respiratory distress, common in old & fat dogs, persistent cough

    Sinusitis Pain over region of sinus, temperature, depression
    Allergy

No temperature, swelling about head, profuse discharge nose and eyes

    Entropion

Hereditary abnormality of eyelids, lashes turned in over eye surface, profuse discharge from eyes

    Coccidiosis

Diarrhea, watery to bloodstained, emaciation, dehydration, profound illness, sometime rapid death, cough, purulent discharge, eyes and nose, slight fever, sometime nervous lesions

    Toxoplasmosis

Diarrhea, nervous symptoms, shuffling gait, conjunctivitis, mucopurulent nasal discharge, in appetence, coughing, pneumonia, peritonitis, abdominal pain, abortion of fetus or birth of dying puppies

    Tuberculosis

Cough, nose and eye discharge, vomiting, wasting, poor appetite, profound illness, death

    Tick Paralysis

Alteration in bark, vomiting, ascending paralysis, weak hind legs, then forelegs and neck, progress to paralysis of respiratory muscles, death, depressed temperature, inability to swallow, mucopurulent eye discharge, dry cornea

    Nocardiosis

Systemic form- Variable granulomatous pleurisy, progressive sickness, emaciation, pericarditis, pleurisy, foul smelling pus in pleural cavity
Tumor Form - Large tumorous masses on extremities, sometime anywhere in body

    Cryptococcosis Granulomas on mucous membrane of nose, pharynx. lung or elsewhere, discharges from sinuses and nasal cavity, lameness, blindness
    Histoplasmosis

Scouring, debility, vomiting, coughing, irregular fever, jaundice

    Fungal Pneumonia

Coughing, breathlessness, profound illness, emaciation, diarrhoea, ascites, vomiting

    Eye Conditions Keratitis, corneal ulcers, chemosis, conjunctivitis, distichias
  Pallor (Anemia) Canine Babesiosis

Listless, anemia, pale mucous membranes, emaciation, nervous symptoms, jaundice, fever

    Worm Infestation Worm eggs in faeces,
   

Hemorrhage (Enternal or External)

History of damage such as accident or of hemorrhage following on some other lesions of disease such as gastro-enteritis

    Shock

History of some traumatic damage, accident or other cause of physiological shock

    Anaemia

faulty diet-deficiency of iron, B12 - evidence from blood examination in laboratory

    Deficiency of Vitamin C

Unusual condition, faulty diet, swollen gums, petechial hemorrhages in some mucosa, bloody diarrhea, anemia, swollen joint in pups

Pantothenic Acid
Deficiency
Faulty ration, anemia, convulsions
   

Pyridoxine (Vitamine B6 Deficiency)

Faulty diet, anemia, digestive disorders, nervous symptoms, skin diseases, loss of hair

   

Tropical Canine Pancytopaenia

Nose bleeding, anemia, oedea of limbs and scrotum, hemorrhages in abdomen, penis, mouth, conjunctivae, impenitence, loss of weight, breathlessness, fever, death

   

Eosinophilic Gastro-Enteritis

Persistent scouring sometimes bloody, emaciation, anemia